Showing posts with label Microwave. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Microwave. Show all posts

Friday, February 22, 2013

Information related to Microwave Survey

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Microwave Design & Plannig

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Sunday, August 26, 2012

Now a smartphone case that reduces cancer risk!

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A new smartphone case, made up of same material as NASA spacecraft, claims to reduce cellphone radiation and cancer risks as it cuts the exposure by up to 95 per cent.
Although it still remains unclear as to exactly how bad the problem of cellphone radiation is, the WHO has already reclassified it as “potentially carcinogenic for humans.”
The manufacturer claims to resolve the problems associated with mobile devices of emitting microwave energy as majority of it is absorbed by the heads and bodies of phone users while making calls.
The accessory, which is available for a range of different smartphones, claims to redirect radiation away from the user and reduce exposure by up to 95 per cent.

source:http://www.firstpost.com/fwire/now-a-smartphone-case-that-reduces-cancer-risk-430879.html
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Friday, July 27, 2012

Job | Openings for the post of Filter Expert @ Radio Design

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We have the following vacancy and the details are given below.

Company Name: Radio Design

Company Details: Radio Design is an award-winning market leader in the provision of wireless infrastructure sharing solutions and RF filter systems. With nearly 500 years of combined leading-edge RF design, development and volume-manufacturing experience, Radio Design"s pioneering team offers OEMs, operators and infrastructure companies the easiest, fastest and lowest-cost ways to roll out their networks

Company Website: http://www.radiodesign.in

Position / Designation: Filter Expert

Years of Experience: 10+ years

Educational Qualification: B.E/B.Tech or M.E/M.Tech Electronics and telecommunications

Location: Gurgaon

Job Profile
* To develop new products and processes within the context of Projects either for new customers or new markets as defined by Senior Management.
* To utilise development tools to minimise development times
* To generate appropriate Design data and production instruction to enable transfer in to manufacturing environment

Salary: Negotiable

Mandatory:

* Extensive experience in Designing of Receiver Front End, Down converters, TR module, repeaters, TMAs(Tower Mount Amplifier), Limiters, Switches.
* Extensive experience in Designing, Modeling and Optimization of Microwave, millimeter wave Filters, devices and Circuit for Low and High Power Applications.

If the above requirement does not suit your profile kindly ignore the mail.

If your profile matches the above requirement and if you're interested in the above opening kindly email your resume at the earliest as word doc attachment to payal@talenttrack.net without changing the subject line.

Kindly let me know the following Mandatory details:
Current Salary
Expected Salary
Notice period (i.e. time required to join)
Relevant Exp
Total Exp
Have you send your application to the above company in last 6 months? Details

If any of your friends / colleagues profile matches the above requirement, kindly suggest them to apply. For any further clarification feel free to mail

Regards
Payal Sharma

payal@talenttrack.net
______________________________________________
Talent Track Services
Direct No: 080 - 42458513

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Sunday, April 1, 2012

Tutorial: Microwave Link Planning - Part 1: Basics

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This is a photo of Codan 8800 series Digital m...Microwave links generally operate between frequencies of 2 and 58 GHz. Initially analogue links were used, but now far superior digital microwave links are used. Digital microwave links have many advantages over the analogue microwave links, some of which are:
·         high tolerance against interference;
·         high tolerance against deep fading;
·         high signal carrying capacity ranging from 2 to 155 Mbps;
·         high frequency range (2–58 GHz);
·         easy, rapid (and hence economical) installations.
As the frequency increases, the length of the link decreases. Due to the high frequency range (2–58GHz), the microwave links can be classified into three main categories:

(a) Long haul
(c) Short haul

Long Haul
The frequency of operation of these links is usually 2–10 GHz. In the best of climatic conditions and
frequency of operation, the distance covered by the links could range from 80 km to 45 km. These links
are affected by multipath fading (explained later).

Frequency band 2 GHz

·         Maximum path length 80 km
·         Multipath fading
·         Antenna diameters up to 370 cm for an antenna gain of 36 dB
·         Both vertical and horizontal polarisations used

Frequency band 7 GHz

·         Maximum path length about 50 km
·         Multipath fading
·         Antenna diameters up to 370 cm for an antenna gain of 46.8 dB
·         Both vertical and horizontal polarisations used

Frequency band 10 GHz

·         Maximum path length about 45 km
·         Multipath fading
·         Antenna diameters 60–120 cm for a gain range of 34–40 dB
·         Both vertical and horizontal polarisations used


Medium and Short Haul
The frequency of operation of these links is usually from 11 GHz to 23 GHz. Depending upon the climatic
conditions and frequency of operation, the hop length can vary between 40 km and 20 km. These links
are also affected by multipath fading and rain fading.

Frequency band 13 GHz

·         Maximum path length about 40 km
·         Multipath fading
·         Antenna diameters 60–120 cm for a gain range of 36.4–42.4 dB
·         Both vertical and horizontal polarisations used
Frequency band 15 GHz

·         Maximum path length about 35 km
·         Multipath fading
·         Antenna diameters 60–120 cm for a gain range of 38–44 dB
·         Both vertical and horizontal polarisations used

Frequency band 18 GHz

·         Maximum path length 20 km
·         Rain and multipath fading
·         Antenna diameters 60–180 cm for a gain range of 39–49 dB
·         Both vertical and horizontal polarisations used
·         Atmospheric attenuation 0.1 dB/km.
·         Attenuation due to rain about 1 dB/km at a rain rate of 20 mm/h

Frequency band 23 GHz

·         Maximum path length about 18 km
·         Rain and multipath fading
·         Antenna diameters 30–120 cm gain for a gain range of 35.5–47.3 dB
·         Both vertical and horizontal polarisations used
·         Atmospheric attenuation 0.1 dB/km
·         Attenuation due to rain about 3 dB/km at a rain rate of 20 mm/h

Before an into explanation is given of various factors that affect the performance of the microwave
links, an attempt will be made to explain the fundamentals of functioning of microwave links.

Next : What is Microwave Link
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Friday, December 30, 2011

Job: microwave- Specialist

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Position: Specialist microwave
location: Bangalore

Description

Microwave - Experienced

Candidates will be responsible for multiple aspects of microwave network design, implementation, and performance management. This would include: design of microwave networks using software and analysis tools; site selection support; path profile/line of sight analysis; microwave network field tuning/optimization; interference measurement/tracking; and ongoing capacity/performance management.
Responsibilities:

* Develop microwave design(s), using licensed and unlicensed frequencies, which support the deployment or upgrade of next generation wireless broadband networks.
* Utilize software propagation/planning tools such as Pathloss, along with defined design standards, to create high quality microwave designs.
* Drive the effort to create a strong microwave backhaul design that maximizes performance and link availability while also meeting budgetary objectives.
* Effectively manage design projects and any issues that arise to insure that they meet aggressive deployment timelines.
* Perform capacity planning based on network topology and site tonnage.
* Plan and implement ring load balancing to ensure most efficient use of existing capacity.
* Ensure internal and customer design information stores, such as CV and IP tables, are updated with new/changed design info.
* Lead the effort to identify, quantify and resolve cases of interference.
* Create MOP's as required for network changes.
* Create NTM tickets as required for resolution of network issues.


Qualifications:

This position is intended for an experienced engineer and requires a solid understanding of electrical engineering principles, IP networking, and strong general computer skills. Additionally, communication and problem solving skills are equally important, given the fast pace and dynamic nature of the business.

Specific Position Requirements are:
* Bachelors of Electronics & Communication Engineering or similar field
* Minimum of 3 years experience in design of a MW network.
* Excellent understanding of RF propagation.
* Basic knowledge of IP networking
* Excellent communication, interpersonal, and problem-solving skills
* Ability to manage personal workload and deliverables to meet aggressive project timelines
* Strong work ethic and team player
* Ability to work outside normal business hours in cases where communication with U.S. is required.


Preferred:
* Specific experience or coursework in the area of RF Engineering, MW Engineering, RF propagation, or similar disciplines is a plus.

Interested May Contact Soon.

Reepinku Mathur
Hr Executive

CAREER SHAPERS HR Consulting Pvt. Ltd
Shaping the most vital power-The Manpower
[Executive Search, Recruitment Project, Staffing Solution]
www.careershapers.in


mail cv  at : cv43@careershapers.in
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Monday, August 1, 2011

Microwave-Link-Design ppt

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Link : Microwave-Link-Design ppt

This ppt describes the Microwave Link design basics for Transmission Engineers.


Microwave Link Networks

A microwave link is a communications system that uses a beam of radio waves in the microwave frequency range to transmit information between two fixed locations on the earth. They are crucial to many forms of communication and impact a broad range of industries. Broadcasters use microwave links to send programs from the studio to the transmitter location, which might be miles away. Microwave links carry cellular telephone calls between cell sites. Wireless Internet service providers use microwave links to provide their clients with high-speed Internet access without the need for cable connections. Telephone companies transmit calls between switching centers over microwave links, although fairly recently they have been largely supplanted by fiber-optic cables. Companies and government agencies use them to provide communications networks between nearby facilities within an organization, such as a company with several buildings within a city.
One of the reasons microwave links are so adaptable is that they are broadband. That means they can move large amounts of information at high speeds. Another important quality of microwave links is that they require no equipment or facilities between the two terminal points, so installing a microwave link is often faster and less costly than a cable connection. Finally, they can be used almost anywhere, as long as the distance to be spanned is within the operating range of the equipment and there is clear path (that is, no solid obstacles) between the locations. Microwaves are also able to penetrate rain, fog, and snow, which means bad weather doesn’t disrupt transmission.
A simplified rendering of a microwave link. A microwave link is a communications system that uses a beam of radio waves in the microwave frequency range to transmit information between two fixed locations on the earth.
 A simplified rendering of a microwave link. A microwave link is a communications system that uses a beam of radio waves in the microwave frequency range to transmit information between two fixed locations on the earth.
A simple one-way microwave link includes four major elements: a transmitter, a receiver, transmission lines, and antennas. These basic components exist in every radio communications system, including cellular telephones, two-way radios, wireless networks, and commercial broadcasting. But the technology used in microwave links differs markedly from that used at the lower frequencies (longer wavelengths) in the radio spectrum. Techniques and components that work well at low frequencies are not useable at the higher frequencies (shorter wavelengths) used in microwave links. For example, ordinary wires and cables function poorly as conductors of microwave signals. On the other hand, microwave frequencies allow engineers to take advantage of certain principles that are impractical to apply at lower frequencies. One example is the use of a parabolic or “dish” antenna to focus a microwave radio beam. Such antennas can be designed to operate at much lower frequencies, but they would be too large to be economical for most purposes.
In a microwave link the transmitter produces a microwave signal that carries the information to be communicated. That information—the input—can be anything capable of being sent by electronic means, such as a telephone call, television or radio programs, text, moving or still images, web pages, or a combination of those media.
The transmitter has two fundamental jobs: generating microwave energy at the required frequency and power level, and modulating it with the input signal so that it conveys meaningful information. Modulation is accomplished by varying some characteristic of the energy in response to the transmitter’s input. Flashing a light to transmit a message in Morse Code is an example of modulation. The differing lengths of the flashes (the dots and dashes), and the intervals of darkness between them, convey the information—in this case a text message.
The second integral part of a microwave link is a transmission line. This line carries the signal from the transmitter to the antenna and, at the receiving end of the link, from the antenna to the receiver. In electrical engineering, a transmission line is anything that conducts current from one point to another. Lamp cord, power lines, telephone wires and speaker cable are common transmission lines. But at microwave frequencies, those media excessively weaken the signal. In their place, engineers use coaxial cables and, especially, hollow pipes called waveguides.
The third part of the microwave system is the antennas. On the transmitting end, the antenna emits the microwave signal from the transmission line into free space. “Free space” is the electrical engineer’s term for the emptiness or void between the transmitting and receiving antennas. It is not the same thing as “the atmosphere,” because air is not necessary for any type of radio transmission (which is why radio works in the vacuum of outer space). At the receiver site, an antenna pointed toward the transmitting station collects the signal energy and feeds it into the transmission line for processing by the receiver.
Antennas used in microwave links are highly directional, which means they tightly focus the transmitted energy, and receive energy mainly from one specific direction. This contrasts with antennas used in many other communications systems, such as broadcasting. By directing the transmitter’s energy where it's needed—toward the receiver—and by concentrating the received signal, this characteristic of microwave antennas allows communication over long distances using small amounts of power.
Between the link’s antennas lies another vital element of the microwave link—the path taken by the signal through the earth’s atmosphere. A clear path is critical to the microwave link’s success. Since microwaves travel in essentially straight lines, man-made obstacles (including possible future construction) that might block the signal must either be overcome by tall antenna structures or avoided altogether. Natural obstacles also exist. Flat terrain can create undesirable reflections, precipitation can absorb or scatter some of the microwave energy, and the emergence of foliage in the spring can weaken a marginally strong signal, which had been adequate when the trees were bare in the winter. Engineers must take all the existing and potential problems into account when designing a microwave link.
At the end of the link is the final component, the receiver. Here, information from the microwave signal is extracted and made available in its original form. To accomplish this, the receiver must demodulate the signal to separate the information from the microwave energy that carries it. The receiver must be capable of detecting very small amounts of microwave energy, because the signal loses much of its strength on its journey.
This entire process takes place at close to the speed of light, so transmission is virtually instantaneous even across long distances. With all of their advantages, microwave links are certain to be important building blocks of the world’s communications infrastructure for years to come.
1+1 Protected Microwave Radio Link Block Diagram
1+1 Protected Microwave Radio Link Block Diagram

Link Block Diagram

This diagram is from an NEC 500 series microwave link system (circa 1983) and shows one path. The "return direction" block is the reverse of that detailed in the main diagram.

Regulatory and Licensing

Each country has a varying requirement for the licensing of microwave radio links. In most cases this license only addresses the transmitter, but in the same instance, it offers regulatory protection to any inteference that may affect the microwave receiver.
License costs are usually linked with the size of the spectrum occupied by the transmitter signal - and are often directly influenced by some of the spectrum lease costs realized by the local regulator, eg FCC, ACMA, PTT's etc.
A safety aspect of microwave radio EMR radiation is also defined by standards and guidelines, and often human exposure 'exclusion' zones exist around the front of microwave dish antennas, horns and dielectric antennas. Personnel safety must also be considered around open waveguide ends and waveguide switches with unterminated ports. Refer to other material at the GHN on EMR Safety.

Frequency Planning

Sample extract of  micrwave band frequency planning
Sample extract of micrwave band frequency planning
In the older FDM microwave radio link systems, only a single pair of frequencies were allocate to the whole link network, with an alternating polarisation isolation arrangement from more distant stations in the network. This meant that at a single microwave repeater station, the link transmitters operate on the same frequency, but with antennas pointed in different directions, and with opposite antenna polarisation.

Link Planning

The design and construction of a microwave radio link network is based on a numner of factors. These include:
  • Distance between microwave radio terminals
  • Terrain properties, eg bodies of water, cliffs, forests, snow
  • Frequency of operation, often governed by licensing costs, frequency availability, planned distances and even suspectibility to rain fading.
  • Fading, dispersion and multipath distortion.
  • Size of antennas, feedline properties, need for towers and masts.
  • Council and community development permissions governing visual intrusions.
  • Cost of equipment and cost benefit analysis including equipment maintenance.
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Tuesday, December 28, 2010

Opening for Sr. professionals in for RF and Radio (Job Location Mumbai)

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An immediate openings with our client Rancore Technologies a telecom company (www.rancoretech.com)
Sr. RF and Radio professionals.

Job Description
• GIS Data Collection: This includes going to each site, measure latitude and longitude, physical observation of site terrains and test of LOS for backhaul.
• Cell Planning: Inserting the site data into cell planning tool, analyze the cell coverage for each city, estimate the number of cell sites required, measure the antenna height, type of antenna, deciding the antenna specifications. Link budget calculation based on various path loss model etc.
• Frequency Planning: Planning for frequency re-use, Interference analysis
• Backhaul Planning for Microwave: Estimating number of spots required, type of microwave antenna, height of antenna, distance between two points for different frequency band, interference analysis
• Network Optimization: Drive test data collection, post processing of drive test data, co-ordination with OSS team regarding changes of parameters for better network performance.
• Providing training to team members

Technical Skills
• 2-3 years experience in RF planning and engineering
• In-depth knowledge on Microwave communications
• Hands on experience of various RF planning tools for Cell planning, frequency planning and microwave planning
• In-depth knowledge on various path loss model, frequency re-use method,
• Good knowledge on how to do interference analysis, impact on interference due to changes of various RF parameters
• Calculate the link budget
• Hands on experience on use of various drive test tools.
• Should able to perform drive test, collect the drive test data, perform post processing analysis and recommend the parameter changes, new cell site etc. for better network performance.
• Good knowledge of Network back-haul technologies
• Candidate should have good communication skills both on verbal and writing
• Ability to work in 24x7 environments
B.E or above with one of the following Specialization and 70% or more in academics

Electronics & Communication
Microwave/ RF
Communications
Electronics / Electrical and Electronics
Computer Science
IT/ Instrumentation and control in exceptional cases.


Job Location: Mumbai
Experience:- 10+ yrs

If u are interested then plz send your profile to divyesh@vati.in or call 080-40834000, ext: 204 with

Notice period:-
DOB:-
Preferred Location:-
Current CTC:

To know more about client please visit www.rancoretech.com

Do forward this to your friends and colleagues, who may be interested for a change in career.

Thanks for your time. Wishing you the best in your career, always

Warm Regards,
Divyesh Rathore
________________________________________
http://vati.in/ | Vati Consulting Pvt. Ltd. | B: +91-80-40834000| #99, 1st Floor | 5th Cross, 5th Block | Koramangala | Bangalore – 560 095 |

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Tuesday, December 21, 2010

Impact of Rain Fall on MW Links

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Impact of Rain Fall on MW Links PDF

PPT Describes the Impact of rain fall on Microwave Radio  Links and Design Guideline

RAIN ATTENUATION ESTIMATION :A PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE
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Saturday, December 11, 2010

Openings with Rancore technologies for Planning Engineer , Head position

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Immediate openings with our client Rancore Technologies a 4G telecom company

Planning Engineer (RF & Radio), Lead position.

Job Description
• GIS Data Collection: This includes going to each site, measure latitude and longitude, physical observation of site terrains and test of LOS for backhaul.
• Cell Planning: Inserting the site data into cell planning tool, analyze the cell coverage for each city, estimate the number of cell sites required, measure the antenna height, type of antenna, deciding the antenna specifications. Link budget calculation based on various path loss model etc.
• Frequency Planning: Planning for frequency re-use, Interference analysis
• Backhaul Planning for Microwave: Estimating number of spots required, type of microwave antenna, height of antenna, distance between two points for different frequency band, interference analysis
• Network Optimization: Drive test data collection, post processing of drive test data, co-ordination with OSS team regarding changes of parameters for better network performance.
• Providing training to team members

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Monday, November 29, 2010

What is ATPC ?

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What is ATPC ? pdf

Adaptive transmit power control can be used to improve the spectrum efficiency of fixed links
by limiting the transmit power to that required to maintain a constant bit error rate (BER)
regardless of the propagation conditions. This results in a reduced transmit power being used
during clear sky conditions, meaning that the interference resulting from the ATPC link is
correspondingly lower. This improves the frequency reuse factor associated with a given band
and geographic area, providing a spectrum efficiency gain.
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Wednesday, October 13, 2010

Radio Access Planning Lead

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Urgent opening in leading telecom company below are the details If you are interested please send your updated CV And please mention your current CTC.

JD - Radio Access Planning Lead – Circle

KRA’s

1. Site planning with regards t0 both RF & Microwave/backhaul planning to meet business requirements of both
coverage & capacity for GSM & CDMA.

2. Preparation of annual network rollout & implementation plans and execute the same in coordination with respective functions to meet business targets. Ensure in time availability of critical equipment & media at site for integration.

3. Material requirement on quarterly basis based on capacity trending, forecasting as well as coverage needs. Raise requirements for capacity to circle CTO.

4. Capex efficiency:
a. Maximize spectrum efficiency through deployment of various spectrum loading solutions commercially available.
b. Rural coverage enhancement to meet / exceed competition networks

5. Opex efficiency:

a. Energy consumption reduction through innovative deployment of active and passive solutions available commercially.
b. Optimal BSS network architecture to minimize BSC locations

6. Network Availability: Optimize MW & media deployment and work with NHQ to improve network availability upto 99.5% in NBH.

7. Coach and develop at least 5 circle resources for complete Radio quality and application understanding every year.

Education: BE (Electronics & Telecommunication)

Experience: 10 to 15 years

MAIL CV AT : monal.saisun@gmail.com
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Tuesday, March 2, 2010

Free Web Tutorial on Future 4g & Gigabit Radio Systems

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Through collaboration between Artech House publishers and the IEEE Communications Society, a free web tutorial has been made available to wireless engineers.
The tutorial will address a number of autonomous and intelligent techniques which can be applied to emerging high bandwidth systems to realize spectrum and network efficiency. It will address smart and effective design, including embedding intelligence and adaptivity features in radios, while maintaining a friendly user interface.
Data
 requirements of GSM, CDMA, HSDPA, WiMax 4G wireless
In order to achieve real 4G targets, further concentration will be on multi-antenna techniques, cognitive radios, advanced spectrum management, and cognitive radio techniques will be discussed.
The tutorial will be presented by Dr. Nicola Marchetti and Dr. Muhammad Imadur Rahman. The program includes several hours of instruction in three presentations. The tutorial may be accessed at http://ww2.comsoc.org/form/tutorial-registration-FutureGigabitSystems
LBA provides a range of services for wireless carriers. These include RF hazard compliance, intermodulation & interference resolution, AM detuning, and AM colocation. LBA also provides advanced RF test equipment.
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Tuesday, February 2, 2010

Microwave DCN Engineering

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Saturday, January 30, 2010

Microwave Equipment Training

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 Microwave Equipment Training pdf

EQUIPMENT INTRODUCTION
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Thursday, January 28, 2010

Microwave Radio Applications Trends & Solutions

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Microwave Radio Applications Trends & Solutions pdf

Presentation on Microwave Radios ,Theory of propagation  and Solutions
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Sunday, December 20, 2009

Microwave Network Planning and Design--Frequency Planning

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Wednesday, November 26, 2008

RF Power Control and Handover Algorithm

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rf-power-control-ho-parameters pdf

The Radio Frequency (RF) Power Control and Handover Algorithm is
responsible for processing radio link measurements and for the threshold
comparison and decision of Power Control ((PC)PCand Handover (HO). The
following figure shows how the different functions involved in the preparation
and decision of Power Control and Handover are physically implemented.
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Monday, November 24, 2008

CONNECT User Reference Guide Version 5.0.2(Aircom's)

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connect-user-reference-guide pdf

CONNECT is a network transmission and microwave link planning software tool that
enables you to design and evaluate microwave networks by performing reliability
calculations and analysing line of sight, link quality and interference. CONNECT
dimensions transmission link capacity, cost and losses across the network nodes and
links and presents information in easily readable reports.
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